Featured

THE 30-DAY JOURNEY: DAY 9

As we continue our 30-day journey into the world of animal science and welfare, today we delve into the transformative power of positive reinforcement training. This method not only enhances the bond between humans and animals but also promotes their overall well-being.

Personal Story

During a recent visit to a local animal rescue center in Accra, Ghana, the firsthand incredible effects of positive reinforcement training was witnessed. A young dog named Kofi, who had been abandoned and was initially fearful of human contact, was slowly transformed through this approach. The trainers used treats and praise to encourage Kofi to come closer, gradually building its confidence.

This experience highlighted how positive reinforcement can change an animalโ€™s life, fostering trust and reducing fear.

Research Findings

Research supports the effectiveness of positive reinforcement training. A study published in the Journal of Veterinary Behavior found that animals trained with positive reinforcement techniques showed significantly lower stress levels compared to those trained with aversive methods. The study concluded that positive reinforcement not only improves learning outcomes but also enhances the emotional well-being of animals.

Dr. Karen Overall, a renowned veterinary behaviorist, states, โ€œPositive reinforcement is not just about rewards; itโ€™s about creating an environment where animals feel safe and understood. This approach leads to better behavior and a more harmonious relationship between humans and animals.โ€

Dr. Karen Overall

Expert Insights

Dr. Sophia Yin, an animal behaviorist and advocate for humane training methods, emphasized, โ€œTraining should be a fun and rewarding experience for both the animal and the trainer. Positive reinforcement encourages animals to learn and engage without fear of punishment, leading to long-term behavioral changes.โ€

Dr. Sophia Yin

Call to Action

As we reflect on the importance of positive reinforcement training, we encourage you to consider how you can implement these techniques in your interactions with animals. Whether you have pets at home or work with animals in a shelter, think about ways to foster a positive learning environment.

Have you tried positive reinforcement training with your pets or in your community? Share your experiences in the comments below!

Engage with Us!

Letโ€™s spark a conversation about the impact of positive reinforcement training on animal welfare. How has this method changed your relationship with animals? Share your stories, tips, and questions!

#AnimalWelfare #PositiveReinforcement #TrainingAnimals #AnimalBehavior #Ghana #DogTraining #PetCare #AnimalRescue #WelfareMatters #TrustAndTraining

Join us tomorrow as we explore another facet of animal welfare!

Featured

THE 30-DAY JOURNEY: DAY 8

The Impact of Environment on Animal Behavior

As we continue our 30-day journey into the world of animal science and welfare, today we delve into a fascinating topic: the impact of environment on animal behavior.

Personal Story

During a recent visit to a small village in Ghana, a group of free-roaming goats were noticed. They were not just wandering aimlessly; they were actually foraging for food, interacting with one another, and even displaying protective behaviors toward their young. A local farmer explained that, โ€œThe goats here have learned to navigate the rocky terrain and find the best food sources. Their behavior changes with the seasons; in the dry months, they venture further to find water.โ€ This observation highlights the adaptability of animals to their environment, a theme echoed in scientific research.

Goats navigating the rocky terrain to find food

Research Findings

Numerous studies have shown that environmental factorsโ€”such as habitat, climate, and social structureโ€”play a crucial role in shaping animal behavior. For instance, a study published in Animal Behavior found that animals in enriched environments exhibited more complex social interactions and problem-solving skills compared to those in barren settings. The researchers noted, โ€œEnvironmental enrichment enhances cognitive abilities and reduces stress in animals, leading to healthier and more socially engaged individuals.โ€

Additionally, the concept of โ€œbiophilia,โ€ proposed by biologist Edward O. Wilson, suggests that humans have an innate affinity for nature, which extends to the animals we interact with. This connection can significantly influence animal welfare, as animals thrive in environments that reflect their natural habitats.

Biologist Edward O. Wilson

Expert Insights

Dr. Jane Goodall, renowned primatologist and animal welfare advocate, once said, โ€œWhat you do makes a difference, and you have to decide what kind of difference you want to make.โ€ This sentiment resonates deeply when considering how we can create better environments for animals.

In her research, Dr. Goodall has highlighted how chimpanzees in natural habitats exhibit more complex behaviors than those in captivity. โ€œIn the wild, they are not just surviving; they are thriving. They have the freedom to explore, socialize, and express their natural instincts,โ€ she emphasized during a recent talk.

Dr. Jane Goodall with a Chimpanzee

As we reflect on the relationship between environment and animal behavior, we encourage you to consider how you can contribute to improving the environments in which animals live. Whether itโ€™s advocating for better habitats in zoos, supporting wildlife conservation efforts, or even creating a more enriching environment for your pets at home, every action counts.

Question

How do you think we can better design environments that cater to the natural behaviors of animals? Share your thoughts in the comments!

Each species is a masterpiece, a creation assembled with extreme care and genius. Biodiversity is the totality of all inherited variation in the life forms of Earth, of which we are one species. We study and save it to our great benefit. We ignore and degrade it to our great peril.

Letโ€™s continue to raise awareness about the importance of environment in animal welfare. Together, we can make a difference!

#AnimalWelfare #AnimalBehavior #EnvironmentMatters #WildlifeConservation #Biophilia #AnimalScience #30DayChallenge

Featured

THE 30-DAY JOURNEY: DAY 7

Animal Cognition and Intelligence

Animal cognition and intelligence refer to the mental processes and abilities of animals, including perception, attention, memory, learning, and problem-solving. Here are some fascinating points:

-Complex Problem-Solving: Many animals, such as primates, dolphins, and elephants, have demonstrated complex problem-solving abilities.

-Learning and Memory: Animals can learn and remember various tasks, such as navigating mazes or recognizing commands.

-Social Intelligence: Some animals, like chimpanzees and wolves, exhibit social intelligence, understanding social hierarchies and cooperating with others.

Personal Story

During a visit to the Kumasi Zoo in Ghana, I observed a group of primates using tools to extract food from puzzle feeders. This experience highlighted the intelligence and adaptability of animals.

Research Findings

Studies have shown that animals possess advanced cognitive abilities, such as:

-Self-awareness: Some animals, like mirror self-recognition in primates and dolphins, demonstrate self-awareness.

-Empathy: Research has found that animals, like elephants and mice, exhibit empathy towards others.

Expert Insights

“Animal intelligence is a complex and multifaceted field that continues to fascinate scientists and the general public alike.” – Dr. Temple Grandin, Animal Scientist

Call to Action

Share your own experiences or observations of animal intelligence! How can we promote a better understanding and appreciation of animal cognition?

Let’s explore the fascinating world of animal cognition and intelligence together! What are your thoughts on animal intelligence?

#AnimalCognition #AnimalIntelligence #AnimalScience #AnimalWelfare #GhanaWildlife #KumasiZoo #AnimalLearning #ProblemSolving

Featured

THE 30-DAY JOURNEY: DAY 6

UNDERSTANDING ANIMAL BEHAVIOR

Understanding animal behavior is crucial for promoting animal welfare. Here are some ways to gain insight into animal behavior:

-Observing Daily Activities: Studying an animal’s daily routine can reveal their lifestyle and characteristics. For example, researchers use tools like ethograms, census, and time budgets to analyze animal behavior. An ethogram is a list of an animal’s observed behaviors, while a census counts the number of animals in an area, and a time budget records how much time an animal spends on various activities.

-Creating an Ethogram: By creating an ethogram for an animal in your environment, you can identify different types of activities they engage in. This involves observing the animal, listing its behaviors, and categorizing them.

-Comparing Human and Animal Behavior: Understanding the similarities and differences between human and animal daily activities can provide valuable insights. For instance, just like humans, animals have unique characteristics and behaviors that shape their daily routines.

Personal Story

During a visit to the Mole National Park in Ghana, It was observed that a troop of baboons were foraging for food. Interestingly, they seemed to have a social hierarchy, with dominant baboons leading the group. This experience teaches the importance of understanding animal behavior in their natural habitats.

Research Findings

Studies have shown that animals, like humans, have distinct personalities and behaviors shaped by their environment and social interactions. By recognizing these complexities, we can better promote animal welfare.

Expert Insights

According to the Animal Behavior Society, “Humans have always been interested in animals and their behavior… A deeper understanding of animals requires us to think of them as organisms with their own attributes.” This highlights the need to approach animal behavior with a nuanced perspective.

Call to Action

Share your own experiences or observations of animal behavior in the comments below! How can we use our understanding of animal behavior to promote animal welfare?

#AnimalWelfare #AnimalBehavior #AnimalScience #MoleNationalPark #GhanaWildlife #AnimalObservations #Ethogram #AnimalResearch

Let’s continue the conversation and explore ways to promote animal welfare through a deeper understanding of animal behavior. What are your thoughts?

Featured

THE 30-DAY JOURNEY: DAY 5

Q&A Time: Let’s Talk Animal Welfare!

As part of our 30-day journey, we’d love to hear from you! Share your questions, thoughts, and experiences on animal welfare, and we’ll do our best to respond.

Q: What are some simple ways to promote animal welfare in our daily lives?

A: – Choose products with certified animal welfare labels.

– Support local, humane farms.

– Reduce food waste to minimize animal suffering in agriculture.

– Spread awareness about animal welfare issues.

Q. Can animals be happy or sad?

A: Animals have the basic emotions of seeking, rage, fear, panic, lust, care and play. Animals react when their needs are met or not met. When they react, they can seem happy or sad to us. For example, when an animal’s play emotion is met, it looks happy to us.

Q: Do all animal need the same things?

A: Yes and no. All animals require The Five Freedoms:

1) freedom from hunger and thirst;

2) freedom from discomfort;

3) freedom from pain, injury or disease;

4) freedom to express natural behaviors and

5) freedom from fear and distress.

The way those freedoms are met for each species can differ. For example, although ducks and chickens are both poultry, ducks need a poo of water to express their natural behavior, but chickens don’t.

Q. How do you decide what is good animal well-being?

A. A person can assess the animal’s situation by using The Five Freedoms to ask the following questions:

1)Does the animal have food and water?

2) Is the animal free from discomfort?

3) Is the animal free from pain, injury or disease?

4) Is the animal free to express its natural behavior?

5) Is the animal free from fear and distress?

Animal well-being is a continuum, meaning it can range from very good to very poor and be anywhere along the imaginary line.

Question

What’s one thing you wish more people knew about animal welfare?

Featured

THE 30-DAY JOURNEY: DAY 4

Promoting Cage-Free Farming in Ghana

Featured Story

As part of our 30-day journey, we would like to highlight the work of Animal Welfare League (AWL) in Ghana, an organization dedicated to improving animal welfare standards in the country. AWL’s cage-free project aims to end the use of battery cages in poultry farming, promoting more humane and sustainable farming practices.

Personal Story

In Ghana, AWL’s founder, Daniel Abiliba, a passionate animal welfare advocate and veterinary doctor, began the cage-free project in 2022. Through workshops and outreach programs, AWL has successfully engaged farmers, corporations, and consumers in the cage-free movement. One notable success story is AWL’s workshop with poultry farmers in Accra, where 76.7% of participating farmers adopted cage-free farming methods, potentially preventing at least 860,000+ laying hens from being caged.

Research Findings

Studies have shown that cage-free farming not only improves animal welfare but also leads to better egg quality and increased productivity. AWL’s work in Ghana highlights the importance of adapting cage-free strategies to local contexts, taking into account cultural, economic, and social factors.

Expert Insights

“Cage-free work is complex, involving multiple stakeholders and requiring consistency and perseverance,” says Alfred Sihwa, founder of Sibanye Trust in Zimbabwe, another organization featured in the case study. “It’s essential to navigate these issues to achieve the best results for chickens.”

Call to Action

We encourage you to share your thoughts on cage-free farming and its potential impact on animal welfare in Africa. What do you think are the key challenges and opportunities in promoting cage-free farming in your community?

Question

How can we, as consumers, support cage-free farming practices and promote better animal welfare standards in our daily lives?

#CageFreeFarming #AnimalWelfare #Sustainability #Ghana #Africa #FarmAnimalWelfare #HumaneFarming

Let’s work together to promote more humane and sustainable animal farming practices!

Featured

THE 30-DAY JOURNEY: DAY 3

As we continue our 30-day journey, let’s explore the vital roles that animal welfare plays in society. Animal welfare is not just about animals; it’s also about humans and the environment.

Personal Story

In Ghana, I visited a community where animal welfare initiatives had improved the livelihoods of local farmers. By providing better care for their animals, farmers were able to increase their productivity and income, which in turn improved their families’ well-being. This experience highlights the critical role that animal welfare plays in supporting human livelihoods.

Roles of Animal Welfare

1. Improving Human Livelihoods

2. Promoting Public Health

3. Supporting Environmental Sustainability

Research Findings

Studies have shown that animal welfare is closely linked to human well-being, and that good animal welfare practices can have positive impacts on both animal and human health.

Expert Insights

“Animal welfare is not just a moral imperative, but also an economic and environmental one. By prioritizing animal welfare, we can create a more sustainable and equitable food system.” – Dr. Marion Dawkins, Professor of Animal Behavior

Call to Action

We encourage you to share your own experiences or stories about the roles of animal welfare in society. How have you seen animal welfare make a positive impact in your community?

Question

What role do you think animal welfare plays in promoting sustainable development?

Let’s continue to explore the importance of animal welfare in society and work together to promote better animal welfare practices!

#AnimalWelfare #SustainableDevelopment #LivestockProduction #PublicHealth #EnvironmentalSustainability #Ghana

Featured

A 30-DAY JOURNEY

The Animal Welfare Blog, established in 2020 on WordPress, is a platform dedicated to promoting the welfare and well-being of animals. Our blog aims to raise awareness about animal welfare issues, share knowledge, and inspire action to improve the lives of animals.

Aims and Objectives

1. Raising Awareness

2. Promoting Compassion

3. Sharing Knowledge

4. Inspiring Action

Core Mandate

1. Advocate for Animal Welfare

2. Provide a Platform for Discussion

3. Support Animal Welfare Organizations

We are embarking on a 30-day journey to share insights, research, answers to questions and stories on animal science and welfare.

By fulfilling our aims, objectives, and mandate, We strive to make a positive impact on the lives of animals and promote a more compassionate and just society.

Featured

WHAT WE KNOW – AND WHAT WE DONโ€™T KNOW – ABOUT BIRD FLU AND FLU PANDEMICS

Exciting News: My Book is Now Available!

I am thrilled to announce that my book, WHAT WE KNOW – AND WHAT WE DONโ€™T KNOW – ABOUT BIRD FLU AND FLU PANDEMICS, is now published and available for readers!

After months of hard work and dedication, I am proud to share my writing with the world. This book is a labor of love, and I hope it will resonate with you, inspire you, and leave a lasting impact.

Book Details:

  • Title: WHAT WE KNOW – AND WHAT WE DONโ€™T KNOW – ABOUT BIRD FLU AND FLU PANDEMICS.
  • Genre: Non-fiction, Academic, Public Health.
  • Description: This book delves into the complex world of avian influenza, exploring the current state of knowledge about bird flu and its potential to trigger global pandemics

Get Your Copy:

You can purchase my book on selar using the link https://selar.co/b24475.

Stay Connected:

I would love to hear your thoughts, feedback, and reviews! Please don’t hesitate to reach out to me through my website or social media channels.

Thank you for your support, and happy reading!

Featured

RESEARCH PAPER

I am Excited to share my latest research paper on The Impact of Avian Influenza Outbreaks on the Poultry Industry in the Bono East Region of Ghana that was recently published! Grateful for the opportunity to contribute to the academic community and advance knowledge in this field.

research #publication #academicexcellence

Abdul_Razak_Mohammed_RAJI, #Muniru_OSMAN

Featured

RABIES STILL KILLS

History of Rabies. Rabies is a preventable viral disease most often transmitted through the bite of a rabid animal. The rabies virus infects the central nervous system of mammals, ultimately causing disease in the brain and death.

Rabies is one of the oldest known diseases in history with cases dating back to 4000 years ago. Rabies has been known since around 2000 BC. The first written record of rabies is in the Mesopotamian Codex of Eshnunna ( c. 1930 BC), which dictates that the owner of a dog showing symptoms of rabies should take preventive measures against bites.

Rabies appears to have originated in the Old World, the first epizootic in the New World occurring in Boston in 1768. In 1804, Georg Gottfried Zinke first transmitted rabies from a rabid dog to a normal one, and from dog to a rabbit and a hen, by injection of saliva. This proved that the disease was infectious. The first written record of rabies causing death in dogs and humans is found in the Mosaic Esmuna Code of Babylon in 2300 B.C. where Babylonians had to pay a fine if their dog transmitted rabies to another person.

Has any human survived rabies? Jeanna Geise was only 15 years old when she became the world’s first known survivor of Rabies without receiving any vaccination. Her miraculous survival has not only challenged a time-honored scientific fact, but has also brought about a new method of Rabies treatment, known as the Milwaukee Protocol.

How was rabies treated in the 1800s? Until Louis Pasteur and Emile Roux developed a vaccine in the mid-1880s, bite marks from rabid or suspected rabid animals often were treated by cutting away the flesh in and around the infected area and then cauterizing the wound with โ€œlunar causticโ€ (fused silver nitrate).

Development of rabies vaccine. Virtually all infections with rabies resulted in death until two French scientists, Louis Pasteur and ร‰mile Roux, developed the first rabies vaccination in 1885. Nine-year-old Joseph Meister (1876โ€“1940), who had been mauled by a rabid dog, was the first human to receive this vaccine.

There are three clinical phases of the disease:

  • Prodromal phase – the onset of clinical rabies in man includes 2-4 days of prodromal.
  • Excitation phase – the excitation phase begins gradually and may persist to death.
  • Paralytic phase – hydrophobia, if present, disappears and swallowing becomes possible.

Can you get rabies if not bitten? People usually get rabies from the bite of a rabid animal. It is also possible, but rare, for people to get rabies from non-bite exposures, which can include scratches, abrasions, or open wounds that are exposed to saliva or other potentially infectious material from a rabid animal.

Symptoms of rabies. The first symptoms of rabies may be similar to the flu, including weakness or discomfort, fever, or headache. There also may be discomfort, prickling, or an itching sensation at the site of the bite. These symptoms may last for days. Symptoms then progress to cerebral dysfunction, anxiety, confusion, and agitation.

People may experience: Pain areas: in the muscles. Whole body: dizziness, fatigue, fever, loss of appetite, or malaise. Psychological: delirium, fear, or hallucination. Muscular: muscle spasms or paralysis with weak muscles. Sensory: pins and needles or sensitivity to light.?Behavioural: aggression or irritability. Gastrointestinal: nausea or vomiting. Also common: anxiety, brain death, coma, difficulty swallowing, dilated pupils, drooling, headache, hypersalivation, mental confusion, seizure, or stiff neck

How do you know a dog has rabies? Physical signs of rabies in dogs to watch for include fever, difficulty swallowing, excessive drooling, staggering, seizures, and even paralysis. As the virus progresses, your dog may act as though they are overstimulated, meaning lights, movement, and sound may appear to have a negative effect.

Prevention

  1. Vaccinate your pets.
  2. Keep your pets confined.
  3. Protect small pets from predators.
  4. Report stray animals to local authorities.
  5. Don’t approach wild animals.
  6. Keep bats out of your home.
  7. Consider the rabies vaccine if you’re traveling or often around animals that may have rabies.

Vaccination: In order for the post-exposure vaccine to work, it must be administered before the onset of symptoms. If not, an infected person is expected to live only seven days after the appearance of symptoms.

Who is at most risk of rabies? Children are often at greatest risk from rabies. They are more likely to be bitten by dogs, and are also more likely to be severely exposed through multiple bites in high-risk sites on the body. Severe exposures make it more difficult to prevent rabies unless access to good medical care is immediately available.

Why can’t we cure rabies? Rabies infects the central nervous system (CNS), and โ€” if left untreated โ€” it can be fatal if it reaches the brain. Once it reaches the brain, there’s currently no treatment available. Researchers are still trying to find ways to treat rabies once it reaches the brain.

ยฉAnimal Welfare Activist. ๐ŸŒwww.omuniru.tech.blog

THE 30-DAY JOURNEY: DAY 11

WELFARE STANDARDS AND CONSERVATION

As we continue our 30-day journey, let’s explore the crucial link between welfare standards and conservation.

Conservation encompasses not just protecting endangered species but also preserving ecosystems and biodiversity.

Welfare standards play a vital role in ensuring the humane treatment of animals in conservation efforts.

Conservation and animal welfare are interconnected, and improving welfare standards can enhance conservation outcomes.

Personal Story

On a visit to a wildlife sanctuary where animals were being rehabilitated for release back into the wild. The sanctuary’s high welfare standards ensured the animals received proper care, increasing their chances of survival. This experience highlighted the importance of integrating welfare standards into conservation efforts.

Research Findings

Studies have shown that implementing welfare standards in conservation can lead to improved outcomes, such as increased survival rates and better adaptation to natural habitats.

Expert Insights

“Conservation and animal welfare are not mutually exclusive; in fact, they are complementary. By prioritizing welfare standards, we can enhance the effectiveness of conservation efforts.” – Dr. Jane Smith, Conservation Biologist

Call to Action

We encourage you to share your own experiences or stories about the intersection of welfare standards and conservation. How have you seen welfare standards impact conservation outcomes?

Join us tomorrow as we explore another facet of animal welfare!

THE 30-DAY JOURNEY: DAY 10

UNDERSTANDING ANIMAL EMOTIONAL

WELL-BEING

As we continue our 30-day journey into the world of animal science and welfare, today we explore the critical aspect of animal emotional well-being. Understanding and addressing the emotional needs of animals is essential for their overall health and happiness.

Personal Story

During a recent visit to a wildlife sanctuary in Kumasi, Ghana, the emotional resilience of animals was witnessed firsthand. An elephant who had been rescued from a difficult past, displayed remarkable signs of emotional healing through the care and support provided by the sanctuary. The sanctuary’s efforts to create a nurturing environment have significantly improved the elephant’s emotional well-being, showcasing the positive impact of compassionate care.

Research Findings

Research highlights the importance of emotional well-being in animals. A study published in the Journal of Animal Welfare found that animals with better emotional health have stronger social bonds and exhibit fewer behavioral problems. The study concluded that addressing emotional well-being is crucial for enhancing the quality of life for animals.

Expert Insights

Dr. Ama Konadu, a renowned animal behaviorist, states, “Emotional well-being is a vital component of an animal’s overall health. By providing environments that support emotional needs, we can significantly improve their quality of life.”

Dr. Kofi Owusu, an advocate for animal welfare, emphasizes, “Creating spaces that allow animals to express natural behaviors and providing social interaction are key to promoting emotional well-being.”

Call to Action

As we reflect on the importance of Animal emotional wellbeing, we encourage you to consider how you can implement these techniques in your interactions with animals. Whether you have pets at home or work with animals in a shelter, think about ways to foster a positive animal emotional wellbeing.

Have you observed signs of emotional distress in animals around you, and how can we better support their emotional well-being? Share your experiences in the comments below!

Engage with Us!

Letโ€™s spark a conversation about the impact of animal emotional wellbeing on animal welfare. How has this method changed your relationship with animals? Share your stories, tips, and questions!

Join us tomorrow as we explore another facet of animal welfare!

Squashing the Beef

Squashing the Beef: Why American Animal Rights Advocates Should Start Liking Jewish and Islamic Law https://discovery.researcher.life/article/squashing-the-beef-why-american-animal-rights-advocates-should-start-liking-jewish-and-islamic-law/9d60a1e48d553d4184a354d1636b26ae
Save time with relevant and recent research at your fingertips. Download R Discovery app now. https://bit.ly/3wSugkK

๐–ณ๐–ง๐–ค ๐–ข๐–ฎ๐–ญ๐–ข๐–ค๐–ฏ๐–ณ ๐–ฎ๐–ฅ ๐– ๐–ญ๐–จ๐–ฌ๐– ๐—Ÿ ๐–ถ๐–ค๐—Ÿ๐–ฅ๐– ๐–ฑ๐–ค


๐•‹โ„๐”ผ ๐”ฝ๐•€๐•๐”ผ ๐”ฝโ„๐”ผ๐”ผ๐”ป๐•†๐•„๐•Š
(Farm Animal Welfare Council 1979)
Freedom from hunger or thirst – by ready access to fresh water and a diet to maintain full health and vigour
Freedom from discomfort – by providing an appropriate environment including shelter and a comfortable resting area
Freedom from pain, injury or disease – by prevention or rapid diagnosis and treatment
Freedom to express (most) normal behaviour – by providing sufficient space, proper facilities and company of the animalโ€™s own kind
Freedom from fear and distress – by ensuring conditions and treatment which avoid mental suffering
The Five Freedoms were developed following reaction by the UK government to a book named โ€˜Animal Machinesโ€™ by Ruth Harrison in 1964. They apply to all animals, and remind us what to provide and look for to appraise welfare. While it may not be realistic to expect a working animal to ever be able to achieve all five freedoms at the same time, it is important owners and users are aware that the time and resources invested contributes to the welfare state of the animal.
Strengths
One of the first concepts, originating from a
UK government report in the 1960โ€™s, to outline what animals need and want. They are widely known and used internationally, across different species.
Weaknesses
The โ€˜freedomsโ€™ are an ideal output, only the provisions to reach the freedom are a reality
for animalsโ€™ daily lives. They are becoming out of date, as newer more useful concepts appear. Their focus is on relieving suffering, with limited promotion of positive states. The framework is general to all animals and requires knowledge of species-specific wants and needs to contribute towards the freedoms listed.
Use at the Brooke
This framework has been used within capacity building to provide a general appreciation of an animalโ€™s wants and needs. As an internationally known framework, it helps individuals speak a common language of welfare with others

๐ด๐‘๐ผ๐‘€๐ด๐ฟ ๐‘Š๐ธ๐ฟ๐น๐ด๐‘…๐ธ

Introduction
Animal welfare refers to the physical and emotional state that is impacted by the environment in which the animal lives and works, human attitudes and practices, and resources available to it. Welfare is an ever- changing state in which all of these factors can and will cause welfare to fluctuate between good, bad and somewhere in between on a near constant basis.
At the Brooke we aim for overall welfare to be good. This accepts that there can be good and bad experiences during the animalโ€™s life, but as far as possible health, life and comfort-sustaining needs are met.
ANIMAL WELFARE
LIFE SUSTAINING
HEALTH SUSTAINING
COMFORT SUSTAINING
Animal welfare needs. An animalโ€™s welfare will remain poor unless all of these levels of need are met.
Why should people be concerned about animal welfare?
Within the discipline of animal welfare we consider science, ethics and law. In some cases we have to be concerned because the law says so, in other ways we should because evidence leads to evolving ethical views on what is right.
Domesticated animals work hard to provide us with many of the things that enable us to survive and thrive (e.g. meat, milk, draught power) so it is our responsibility to ensure they have a good quality of life.
Just as we humans expect to be paid, or at least reap some personal benefit from a long day of hard work, animals deserve support for all the hard work they do that makes our lives easier and secures our livelihoods โ€“ it is the least we can do for them.
Animals are fully contributing members of our communities that can feel pain, fear and stress as well as a wide range of positive emotions

  • we must look out for our fellow community members as best we can to ensure a happy, healthy and peaceful community.
    In some countries, legislation is in place to protect animal welfare and it is a legal requirement to provide for the needs of animals.
    At the Brooke we need to help people meet their responsibilities despite the constraints which come from factors such as the environment, poverty, low- status and restricted access to resources for their families and animals. An animalโ€™s welfare matters regardless of the function they serve. Good animal welfare is a necessity not a luxury.
    There are multiple existing concepts of what animal welfare means, which are used in different ways for different reasons. Here are the main ones and how they have been used at the Brooke
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